Advances in abdominal surgical oncology

Abstract

The rapid technological evolution of laparoscopic and robotic surgical systems, together with the emergence of
novel and highly effective antineoplastic therapies-driven by rigorous basic and clinical research-and a refined
understanding of surgical anatomy, is continuously reshaping oncologic surgical techniques. This transformation is
characterized by the implementation of increasingly individualized neoadjuvant protocols, tailored to specific tumor
biology and patient profiles. These strategies have enabled the conversion of initially unresectable or borderline resectable
gastrointestinal tumors into resectable disease, amenable to standardized surgical resection techniques based on high
central vascular ligation and complete mesenteric excision, consistent with the organ's embryological origin.