Childhood Cancer in Peru, as a public health problerm

Abstract

Childhood cancer in Peru poses a significant public health challenge, with a survival rate of 63.7%. Early detection, crucial for improving this rate, is hindered by access issues and late diagnoses. Symptoms such as persistent fever and abnormal lymph nodes require prompt identification. In 2018, the WHO, in collaboration with St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and the International Society of Paediatric Oncology, launched the Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer, aiming for a 60% survival rate by 2030. Peru, designated as a focal country in 2019, has implemented the CURE ALL technical package, focusing on centers of excellence, universal coverage, treatment regimens, and continuous evaluation. Despite advancements in infrastructure and training, challenges remain. The centralization of services in Lima complicates access for rural regions, and the fragmented healthcare system exacerbates the situation. Public health investment needs to be increased, standing at 3.95% of GDP, compared to the 6% recommended by the OECD. Laws such as the Childhood Cancer Law and the National Cancer Law have improved coverage and access to treatments, but sustained investment and a multisectoral approach are needed to reduce disparities and improve survival rates. Collaboration between institutions and the adoption of innovative technologies are key to advancing childhood cancer care in Peru.